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Nasal spray is commonly used to alleviate nasal congestion, sinus infection, allergies, and other nasal problems. More than 90% of infection-causing bacteria enter the body through the nose and thrive in the nasal passages. Although there are a variety of nasal sprays available on the market, each has its own use, advantages, and side effects.
There are five main classifications for nasal spray:
- Antihistamine nasal spray is available by prescription only and is most commonly used by those with allergies. It helps combat irritation caused by dust and pollen but can have a bitter, unpleasant taste.
- Corticosteroid nasal spray is used to reduce congestion, swelling, and inflammation in the sinuses. It has an anti-inflammatory effect on nasal passages but can lead to increased irritation, nasal burning, nose bleeds, or worse if overused.
- Cromolyn sodium nasal spray blocks the release of histamine and stops allergic reactions before they start. It is helpful in treating a watery, itchy, runny nose but does nothing for stuffiness. It is sold over-the-counter.
- Decongestant nasal spray is also sold over-the-counter and comes in two types: oxymetazoline and phenylephrine. Decongestant nasal spray helps to relieve stuffiness and congestion but can be hazardous if overused. It can lead to addiction and chronic swelling of nasal passages.
- Saline nasal spray is used to loosen mucous in nasal passages and moisten the nose. It is safe for everyone, no matter how long or how often it is used.
Preventative measures can be taken to avoid the need to use an aggressive nasal spray. Simple activities, using a humidifier and regularly cleansing nasal passages, for example, can greatly decrease your chances of having nasal problems.
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